According to Khabaronline, Initial orbital operations, including signal reception, subsystem checks, and orbital parameter stabilization, are currently underway according to plan. The mission is considered one of Iran’s most important operational achievements in the space sector this year.
On Sunday, December 28, 2025, Iran carried out one of its largest space missions by launching the three satellites simultaneously from Russia’s Vostochny Cosmodrome using a Soyuz launch vehicle. The launch was conducted as part of a rideshare mission, with two Russian satellites serving as the primary payloads alongside dozens of other satellites.
The Soyuz rocket, one of the world’s most reliable launch vehicles, placed the satellites into their designated orbits in a staged process. Zafar-2 was injected first, followed by Paya and Kowsar.
Initial communication with all three satellites was established the same evening through Iran’s ground stations in Mahdasht and Qeshm, confirming the proper functioning of key systems, including power supply, communications, telemetry, and command units.
The satellites’ sun-synchronous orbit allows consistent lighting conditions for Earth observation, imaging, and remote-sensing applications. Each satellite is expected to have a projected operational lifespan of three to five years, depending on orbital maintenance capabilities.
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